John Locke On Property Essay example -- Empiricists, Empiricism

In the Second Treatise of Government by John Locke, he writes about the salutary to private property. In the chapter which is titled Of Property he tells how the right to private property originated, the role it plays in the declare of nature, the limitations that are set on the rights of private property, the role the designing of money played in property rights and the role property rights play after the establishment of government.. In this chapter Locke makes significant points about private property. In this publisher I will summarize his analysis of the right to private property, and I will give my opinion on some of the points Locke makes in his book. According to Locke, the right to private property originated when God gave the world to men. Locke makes the argument that when God created the world for man, he gave man reason to make use of the world to the best expediency of life, and convenience. What he means by that is, that God made this world for man, and when he m ade it he gave man the right to use what is in this world to his benefit. Locke explains that any man has property in his own person, and that nobody has any right to that property but that person. The author states that whatsoever then he removes out of the state of nature hath provided, and left it in, he hath mixed his labour with, and joined to it something that is his own, and thereby makes it his property (Locke pg. 19). What Locke means by that statement is that once a person removes something o...

Ski Stories, Retold :: Personal Narrative Writing

Ski Stories, Retold My parents were avid amateur skiers. For years they have told me the stories of their attempts down the hills and across the countries of Germany, Austria, France, Italy, and Switzerland. My dad becomes animated, imitating the inhale and puffing of his trips and laughing until his belly bounces, a result of less physical activity since those adventures. My mom laughs more quietly and requires more questions to keep her stories going. But some(prenominal) remember the same highlights and downf each(prenominal)s. When they were both stationed in Bitburg, Germany they signed up for the USAFE (pronounced u-safe-y) ski team. USAFE is the United States Air Force Europe, the American Air Forces in Europe and European Air Forces. Some were very good. They had made the Junior Olympics before joining the Air Force, Mom said, but we were just doing it for fun and a free vacation.They had minimal ski practice beforehand, but couldnt pass up the prospective of a free vacation. They got TDY (temporary duty elsewhere) for the ski competitions, so they didnt have to take get away time. One competition lasted for a week in Berchtesgaden, Germany, a small village near Austria. Mom did the giant slalom and the downhill. The giant slalom is a downhill event with two parallel poles called gates spread apart from other gates all the way down the mountain. The object is to ski through and through the gates in a specified order as fast as possible. Mom cant remember how well she did but she perchance made it down. She said, in reference to the downhill event, I made extra turns to try to slow myself down. I was fourth place or something thither werent many in it. Dad did well in his cross-country event. He was tenth. Dad said, We were lousy. He chickened out at the top of the downhill. We had to stand up there, all cold and holding our poles close, and then just throw ourselves down. We got so stiff, and it hurt so bad. Mom joined in, The te nsion. Oh, we were so tense. Our neck muscles and shoulders. Because youre up there and so scared. Those nights we filled up the hot tub several times.Both remembered Harry Morse, the ENT (Ear-Nose-Throat doctor).

Cruelty Involved in Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Cruelty Involved in animal TestingHobbes, the cat, has been chthonian experimentation for most of his life. This is probably the last time that he will ever have to be experimented on again. Why? Because he is probably non going to make it done this time. The makers of Herbal Essences argon about to force shampoo down his throat to see what happens to its organs. Even if the cat lives through the process, they argon going to have to kill it to see which organs it could have damaged. If this was an actual human going through this deadly experiment, people would be in shock. Instead, scientists argon testing whether or not swallowing shampoo would affect a cat. Testing on animals is a very disagreeable process that should not be allowed.Animal testing started a numerous years ago to help provide humans with information. The process of animal testing is one of the most disturbing experiments ever done. Many cosmetics and personal c be products are made every year and are put into the market after being tested on animals. or so every product has been animal tested at some stage in its development. The website titled Animals in Product Testing stated, ...these products have gone through a long and complex testing process that leaves millions of animals mutilated, burned, poisoned and gassed in outmoded and unnecessary tests. From these different experiments, animals are often left with different diseases like Syphilis, herpes, or AIDS (Animal Rights Animal Testing). Manufacturers of these different products say that they are performing these tests to assure our safety for these products. They want to make sure that humans are not in any amount of danger (Animals in Product Testing). The first point why animal testing is a wrong process is because of some of the brutal things that happen in the process. There are certain types of animals they use for certain types of experimentation. Some well-known animals that they use for testing are cats, dogs, mice, rat s, hamsters, guinea pigs, gerbils, sheep, llamas, cattle, owls, deer, monkeys and other primates. These are not, by any means, all of the animals that they use. These are just the most common (Animal Rights Animal Testing).For example, the Draize Test is utilize on white albino rabbits (S., Jeremy). They use white albino rabbits because of their sensitive eyes and also because the formation of their tear ducts stops tears from draining away all of the outside(prenominal) substance (Animal Rights Test .

Steroid Use in Major League Baseball Essay -- Sports Drugs Steroids Ba

Steroid Use in Major League baseball gameSteroids are unhealthy for baseball players and they are handsome the game of baseball a bad reputation. Since steroids have become such a hot topic in Major League baseball game (MLB) fans have had nothing but bad things to say about the sport and its players. When sports illustrated asked some of its readers to give reaction to the steroid controversy in the MLB here is what baseball fan Howard Langsner from New York had to say Horrible, just horrible. We take Olympic medals away from athletes on steroids, but were supposed to look the other way in MLB because a guy can make the ball go further? Drug testing is commonplace everywhere, and used in other sports, as the article mentioned. Baseball should be no different. Matt Bookman of San Jose, California writes Thats it. Im done as a baseball fan until MLB has a comprehensive drug testing policy. I smack so naive. I really thought that the players had gotten bigger and stronger becau se they had learned the value of hitting the weight room and staying in shape during the off season. It breaks my heart that I wont be able to give my children the same experience I had growing up -- to go to the ballpark and feel good about your guys and cheer on your team. The fans reaction speaks for itself but MLB should not sit back and let steroids take over a game that was at one time America?s pastime. In this paper research will be given on what exactly are anabolic steroids and how they can affect your body, testing policies, the effectiveness of steroids on players and major league baseball.There are many different kinds of steroids but anabolic steroids are the ones most commonly used by pro baseball player. Anabolic steroids are synthetic ... ... It takes no fool to realize that without the fans there is no professional baseball. The fans who are the ones who pay the salaries of the players who in all honesty utter Canseco is why players are doing steroids, to mak e the game more exciting with homeruns.In this paper research was given to prove that steroids are unhealthy for baseball players and giving the game of baseball a bad reputation. MLB is losing their fan base and good name due to the use of anabolic steroids. In the end baseball with spite the consequences if this problem is not handled quickly and efficientlyBibliographyHaley, J.(eds.).(2003). Performance-enhancing drugs. San Diego, Ca Greenhaven Press.Levine M, H.(eds).(2000). Why are Steroids so ?Big?. Austin, Tx Greenhaven Press.Bodely, H. (2005, January 12). Baseball announces tougher steroid policy USA Today, 23, 37.

Contradiction in Another Country :: Another

Contradiction in Another Country   Another Country contradicts the age-old principle that the United States is a safeground for all people. James Baldwin compares living the life of a homosexual in Paris to living the life of a homosexual in the United States. The views of the french are much more liberal than the conservative views of the Americans. The life that Eric, the homosexual character in Baldwins novel, leads in Paris is socially acceptable. Baldwin also depicts France as a haven for interracial relationships.   Eric believes that living an openly homosexual life in Paris is more satisfying, rewarding, comfortable and protected because his choice of life is widely certain by the French society. In Paris, everyone feels comfortable. Everyone feels free to live his or her own life and not adhere to the rules that society establishes. Homosexuals have the liberty to walk nap the street, sit in public parks and show affection towards their partner free o f worry, without the fear of alley cats. The people of Paris condone and support Erics happiness, as seen in this passage I see that. You seem much happier. Theres a kind of light around you. She said this very directly, with a rueful, conspiratorial smiling as though she knew the cause of his happiness, and rejoiced for him (234).   In contrast, brisk Yorkers have a entirely different attitude toward homosexuality. New York is confined by Americas conservative views. The New York society functions on the principle that different is bad. Anyone who strays from the norms of society is a threat. The people in New York vocalize their disdain for homosexuals and in some cases even menace physical violence against those who are bold enough to come out of hiding. Eric describes the New York atmosphere to his partner using the metaphor alleys and alley cats to represent those who forgo on the openly homosexual. He comments Getting you into America is going to be hassle enough, baby, lets not rock the boat. Besides, New York is full of alley cats. And alleys (Baldwin 190).   In addition, France proves to be a haven for interracial relationships as well. As seen in Another Country, the French society does not frown upon relationship between the races.

Victims law challenges and opportunities Essay -- Colombian Government

Victims law challenges and opportunities The pipeline of this paper is that in order to succeed in the process of write down restitution the Colombian government must overcome the adverse conditions that both the inequitable agrarian coordinate and the widespread presence of paramilitary organisation groups have generated for pitiful peasants livelihoods. In the previous chapters I have provided some airs about how those factors have shaped an unfavorable institutional set ashorescape for the land restitution process. This chapter aims to stress the interrelatednessship of those factors, and accordingly providing some proposals that may contribute in implementing the law. The inequitable agrarian body structure and the paramilitary phenomenon The agrarian structure and the paramilitary phenomenon ar two intertwined elements. They be part of the mediating processes both internal and external that have affected peoples access to resources and the construction of livelihood strategies in particular rural contexts (Ellis, 2000). Since friendly actors have a differential capacity to influence the processes to access capitals therefore better off people may exclude others from access to resources (Haan and Zoomers, 2005). Following this argument it is evident that in the Colombian countryside those with the capacity to control states policies as sound as the local cordial arrangements have established a social closure strategy in which the poor people have been systematically excluded from opportunities to improve their livelihoods. In particular, the contradictory nature of land policies has consolidated an exclusionary agrarian structure that constrains poor peasants life conditions. This is evident through the numerous attempts and counter-attempts to broaden... ...venties and eighties the pressure exerted by urban middle sectors, leftist political parties, workers and peasants organizations and guerrilla groups as comfortably as the political ch anges brought about by the decentralization and the political opening processes threatened the dominant position of landed elites in several regions. For this reason, the creation of paramilitary armies in the early eighties was the violent reaction of a landed elites group, whose power was declining, to the endogenous and exogenous factors that challenged their hegemony. Therefore, the paramilitary phenomenon must be understood as a reactionary extension of the latifundio structure. Its aim was to reestablish the rural social order through the annihilation of latifundios rivals in the competition for the control of the regional resources (land, local government, and means of violence). Victims law challenges and opportunities Essay -- Colombian GovernmentVictims law challenges and opportunities The argument of this paper is that in order to succeed in the process of land restitution the Colombian government must overcome the adverse conditions that both the inequi table agrarian structure and the widespread presence of paramilitary groups have generated for poor peasants livelihoods. In the previous chapters I have provided some arguments about how those factors have shaped an unfavorable institutional landscape for the land restitution process. This chapter aims to stress the interrelation of those factors, and accordingly providing some proposals that may contribute in implementing the law. The inequitable agrarian structure and the paramilitary phenomenon The agrarian structure and the paramilitary phenomenon are two intertwined elements. They are part of the mediating processes both internal and external that have affected peoples access to resources and the construction of livelihood strategies in particular rural contexts (Ellis, 2000). Since social actors have a differential capacity to influence the processes to access capitals therefore better off people may exclude others from access to resources (Haan and Zoomers, 2005). Following this argument it is evident that in the Colombian countryside those with the capacity to control states policies as well as the local social arrangements have established a social closure strategy in which the poor have been systematically excluded from opportunities to improve their livelihoods. In particular, the contradictory nature of land policies has consolidated an exclusionary agrarian structure that constrains poor peasants life conditions. This is evident through the numerous attempts and counter-attempts to broaden... ...venties and eighties the pressure exerted by urban middle sectors, leftist political parties, workers and peasants organizations and guerrilla groups as well as the political changes brought about by the decentralization and the political opening processes threatened the dominant position of landed elites in several regions. For this reason, the creation of paramilitary armies in the early eighties was the violent reaction of a landed elites group, who se power was declining, to the endogenous and exogenous factors that challenged their hegemony. Therefore, the paramilitary phenomenon must be understood as a reactionary extension of the latifundio structure. Its aim was to reestablish the rural social order through the annihilation of latifundios rivals in the competition for the control of the regional resources (land, local government, and means of violence).

Victims law challenges and opportunities Essay -- Colombian Government

Victims law challenges and opportunities The argument of this paper is that in order to succeed in the process of land restitution the Colombian government moldiness overcome the adverse conditions that both the inequitable agrarian structure and the widespread presence of paramilitary groups put one across generated for poor peasants livelihoods. In the previous chapters I wipe out provided some arguments about how those factors have shaped an unfavorable institutional landscape for the land restitution process. This chapter conditions to stress the interrelation of those factors, and accordingly providing some proposals that may raise in implementing the law. The inequitable agrarian structure and the paramilitary phenomenon The agrarian structure and the paramilitary phenomenon are two intertwined elements. They are part of the mediating processes both internal and orthogonal that have affected peoples access to resources and the construction of livelihood strategies in part icular rural contexts (Ellis, 2000). Since social actors have a differential cognitive content to influence the processes to access capitals therefore better off people may exclude others from access to resources (Haan and Zoomers, 2005). Following this argument it is evident that in the Colombian countryside those with the substance to control states policies as well as the local social arrangements have established a social closure strategy in which the poor have been systematically excluded from opportunities to improve their livelihoods. In particular, the contradictory nature of land policies has consolidated an exclusionary agrarian structure that constrains poor peasants life conditions. This is evident with and through the numerous attempts and counter-attempts to broaden... ...venties and eighties the pressure exerted by urban middle sectors, leftist political parties, workers and peasants organizations and guerrilla groups as well as the political changes brought abou t by the decentralization and the political opening processes threatened the dominant position of landed elites in several regions. For this reason, the creation of paramilitary armies in the early eighties was the impetuous reaction of a landed elites group, whose power was declining, to the endogenous and exogenous factors that challenged their hegemony. Therefore, the paramilitary phenomenon essential be understood as a reactionary extension of the latifundio structure. Its pay back was to reestablish the rural social order through the annihilation of latifundios rivals in the competition for the control of the regional resources (land, local government, and means of violence). Victims law challenges and opportunities analyze -- Colombian GovernmentVictims law challenges and opportunities The argument of this paper is that in order to succeed in the process of land restitution the Colombian government must overcome the adverse conditions that both the inequi table agrarian structure and the widespread presence of paramilitary groups have generated for poor peasants livelihoods. In the previous chapters I have provided some arguments about how those factors have shaped an unfavorable institutional landscape for the land restitution process. This chapter aims to stress the interrelation of those factors, and accordingly providing some proposals that may conduce in implementing the law. The inequitable agrarian structure and the paramilitary phenomenon The agrarian structure and the paramilitary phenomenon are two intertwined elements. They are part of the mediating processes both internal and away that have affected peoples access to resources and the construction of livelihood strategies in particular rural contexts (Ellis, 2000). Since social actors have a differential skill to influence the processes to access capitals therefore better off people may exclude others from access to resources (Haan and Zoomers, 2005). Following this a rgument it is evident that in the Colombian countryside those with the faculty to control states policies as well as the local social arrangements have established a social closure strategy in which the poor have been systematically excluded from opportunities to improve their livelihoods. In particular, the contradictory nature of land policies has consolidated an exclusionary agrarian structure that constrains poor peasants life conditions. This is evident through the numerous attempts and counter-attempts to broaden... ...venties and eighties the pressure exerted by urban middle sectors, leftist political parties, workers and peasants organizations and guerrilla groups as well as the political changes brought about by the decentralization and the political opening processes threatened the dominant position of landed elites in several regions. For this reason, the creation of paramilitary armies in the early eighties was the uncivilised reaction of a landed elites group, whose power was declining, to the endogenous and exogenous factors that challenged their hegemony. Therefore, the paramilitary phenomenon must be understood as a reactionary extension of the latifundio structure. Its aim was to reestablish the rural social order through the annihilation of latifundios rivals in the competition for the control of the regional resources (land, local government, and means of violence).

International business management Essay

1. Regional integration Regional integration is a appendage in which states enter into a regional agreement in order to kick upstairs regional cooperation through regional institutions and rules. The objectives of the agreement could range from economic to political to environmental, although it has typically taken the form of a political economy initiative where commercial-grade interests have been the focus for achieving broader socio political and security objectives, as defined by national governments. Regional integration has been organized either via supranational institutional structures or through intergovernmental decision-making, or a combination of both. Past efforts at regional integration have often focused on removing barriers to free trade in the region, increasing the free give-up the ghostment of people, working class, goods, and capital across national borders, reducing the possibility of regional armed conflict (for example, through Confidence and Security-Bui lding Measures), and adopting cohesive regional stances on policy issues, such as the environment, climate change and migration. 2. InternalizationInternationalization is the member of acceptance of a set of norms and value established by people or groups which ar influential to the individual through the process of socialization. John Finley Scott (1971) Also it behind be defined as a process through which we come to identify parts of our culture as part of ourselves especially to norms and values.3. Internalization process In world-wide business management describes the process in which the firm gradually becomes involved in foreign business and enters foreign mart whereby the discussions and decisions on development of the domestic market and international market are made.The term international usually refers to either an attitude of the firmtowards foreign activities or to tlie actual carrying out of activities abroad.*Of course there is a ciose relationship mingled with attitudes and actuai behaviour.The attitudes are the basis for decisions to undertake international ventures and the experiences from international activities infiuence these attitudes. In the case descriptions we have to concentrate on those aspects of the internationalization that are easy to observe, that is the international activities. We consider, however, these attitudes as interesting and important and the discussion of the internationalization process is basically an account of the interaction between attitudes and actual behaviour4. Expand salesCompanies sales are dependent on two factors the consumers interest in their products or services and the consumers resultingness and ability to buy them. The number of people and the amount of their purchasing power are high for the world as a whole than for a single country, so companies whitethorn increase their sales by reaching international business. Ordinarily, higher sales means higher profits, assuming each unit sold ha s the same markup. For example, the Star Wars cost millions of dollars to produce, but as more people take care the films, the average production cost per viewer decreases. So, increasing the sales will be major motive for a smart sets expansion into international business.5. Acquire ResourcesManufacturers and distributors seek out products, services and regions produced in foreign countries. They also purport for foreign capital, technologies, and information they can use at home. Acquiring resources may enable a partnership to improve its product quality and differentiate itself from competitors in both cases, potentially increasing market share and profits. Although a club may initially use domestic resources to expand abroad, once the foreign operations are in place, the foreign earnings may the serve as resources for domestic operations.6. Diversify Sources of Sales and SuppliesTo minimize swings in sales and profits, companies may seek out foreign markets to take advanta ge of business cycle recessions and expansions differences among countries. Sales decrease in a country that is in a recession and increase in one that is expanding economically. By obtaining supplies of the same product or component from different countries, companies may be able to avoid the full impact of price swings or shortages in any one country.7. Minimize Competitive essayMany companies enter into international business for defensive reasons. They want to counter advantages competitors might put one across in foreign markets that, in turn, could hurt them domestically. For example company A and company B compete in the same domestic market. Company. A may upkeep that Company B will generate boastful profits from a foreign market if left alone to serve that market. Company B may then use those profits in different ways (such as additional advertising or development of improved products) to improve its competitive position in the domestic market. Companies harboring such a fear may enter foreign markets primarily to prevent a competitor from gaining advantages.8. Controlling ExpensesEvery business wants to have low expenses so some companies will therefore enter the global arena to minimize their costs. Companies will examine the resources they need and where they can get them at the lowest price. By searching out of doors of their own borders, companies hope to find more economical solutions to the production and manufacturing problems they have. Business might choose to take advantage of lower labor costs, they might move manufacturing plants closer to natural resources, invest in new and more efficient technology, or profit from another(prenominal) countries innovations or tax structures.For example a company that is located in Toronto that gets most of their resources from Japan might want to look into moving the company closer to Japan or they might have to look into finding a new place to get their resources. This is known as outsourcing, me aning that a company will obtain something by contracting it from another source.9. DiversificationIn order to diversify a companys product line they may choose to enter a specific international market. This will apply to both a large scale international business along with a small company. Companies have a foothold in a number of countries so they dont have to depend on the economy of one country. Companies engaged in international business can protect their investments and their markets by dealing with countries in a variety of countries. A recession in one county wont have a large effect if business is doing well in another country.10. CompetitivenessMany companies expand globally for defensive reasons to protect themselves from competitors or potential competitors, or to gain advantage over them. In todays business environment, even a small business is competing with international businesses. A neighbourhood video strain is facing competition from a larger international compan y such as Blockbuster Video. A local store may have a limited selection because of its small size but it may be able to offer more personal service, a more specialized logical argument or even lower prices. On the other hand, local businesses may find if difficult to compete with the selection and price that multinational companies can offer. If their businesses are too threatened, they may find wider markets or merge with a larger, possibly international company.International Business TheoriesAnalytical framework of International Business (IB) is make around the activities of MNEs enunciated by the process of internationalization (Kamwesara, 2010p.17). Before emergence of MNEs, Foreign trade and IB were regarded as synonymous and international trade doctrines based on labour cost differentials free trade guided the international transactions among trading partners. Several theories have been formulated which form the basis of international trade and FDI.

Studies Related To Teaching Competency Education Essay

Aggarwal ( 1969 ) conducted a lot on measuring of expertness of teachers of primary naturalizes of M.P. the survey revealed ( I ) more than 53 % of instructors were non intelligent plenty to be instructors and news program was significantly and affirmatively think to capable cognition ( r= 0.42 ) ( two ) out of entire primary instructors 52.6 % did non like encyclopaedism profession and their attitude was significantly related to competencys of domesticateroom bidding and ( tether ) 70 % of the instructors passed in the 3rd division and about 50 % instructors did non possess equal cognition of topic to be able to learn competent.George and Anand ( 1980 ) studied the subject of microteaching on learning self- relieve oneself and learning competency of pupil instructors. The chief findings of the survey were ( I ) There was strategic deviance amongst the pre- trial and post- trial mean learning self concept tonss of the control group of pupil instructors. ( two ) There was all big(p) difference amid the pre- trial and post- trial mean learning self concept tonss of the experimental group of pupil instructors. ( common chord ) There was important difference in the midst of the average addition tonss in learning competency of the control group and experimental group of pupil instructors. ( 4 ) Micro- focus facilitated the sweetening of the learning self construct of pupil instructors. ( V ) Micro learning proved effectual in bettering the learning competency of pupil instructors. ( six ) Micro- instruction intervention followed by summated scheme of integrating of learning accomplishments was launch superior to micro learning intervention based on independent learning accomplishments in bettering the learning competency of pupil instructors.Passi and Sharma ( 1982 ) studied learning competencys of secondary school instructors in Indore. The findings of survey showed that ( I ) the competences identified were- giving assignments, loud readi ng, utilizing chalkboard, utilizing support, tempo, avoiding repeat, consolidating the lesson, c everyplaceing with pupil responses, bettering students demeanour, audibleness, utilizing secondary support, acknowledging students go toing behaviour, showing verbal manner and switching centripetal channel. ( two ) masculine and female instructors did non differ in competence. There was a important ban coefficient of correlation amongst the self perceptual discover of linguistic communication instructors and learning competence. ( three ) there was a important confirmative birth among instructors instruction competence and liking of their students of their instruction behavior.Patel ( 1984 ) be that interactions with co-workers could better learning competence. His survey involved eight scientific discipline instructors spread over a stop of six months and noted that the treatments and counsel from co-workers resulted in 11 % addition in the capacity for presentation and ca pacity for co- ordination of various learning accomplishments, in big businessman and wont of utilizing audio- ocular AIDSs for effectual instruction and addition in involvement in practical and written work of the student, and a 10 % addition in cognition of content.Prakasham ( 1988 ) studied the instructor effectivity as a map of school organisational clime and instruction competence and found that ( I ) The unfastened school organisational clime confirmatively affected both(prenominal) the instruction competence every bit good as instructor effectivity. ( two ) Teachers of urban schools significantly excelled over instructors employed either in semi- urban and coarse schools or schools located in industrial countries on both learning competence and instructor effectivity. ( three ) Females scored constantly higher with and undistinguished difference in all types of schools cat self-importancerizes in footings of district, direction type and organisational clime. ( iv ) T here existed a important family amongst learning competence and instructor effectivity.Rajguru ( 1988 ) conducted a survey of the function of schoolmasters of cardinal schools and primary commode schools to propose redresss to better their competences. He found that ( I ) 64.5 % instructors were sensible of their functions. ( two ) 28 schoolmasters said that they observed 90.3 % of lesson and arranged theoretical account lessons as well as. ( three ) Central schools schoolmasters guided the primary school schoolmasters in their work and anyway visited them on a regular basis. ( four ) They besides arranged seminars and workshops. However, they were non satisfied with the lesson observation work. This work was evaluated by the supervisor but there was no cooperation between them. ( V ) Each cardinal school schoolmasters had to work for 45 hours in a hebdomad. Teaching was for 12 hours, lesson observation for 18 hours and 25 hours for other activities.Choudhary ( 1990 ) investig ated the consanguinity of the learning competences of 178 secondary school instructors with the student accomplishment. Teachers manner of structuring inquiries was of import in act uponing students wishing for instructors. Their instruction was observed on at least four separate occasions during 3 months of learning in schools. No important positive relationship was found between the positive attitude towards customary pedagogical principals and any of the instruction competence. A hebdomad negative relationship was obtained between instructors attitude and relationship with kids. It was suggested that the fosterage of positive attitudes in pre- service instruction, pupil instructors towards general pedagogical rules, on the footing of patterns aimed at heightening students academic accomplishment might consequences in lower quality instruction because of its inauspicious consequence on pupil- instructors relationship.Bassi and Kaur ( 1991 ) conducted a survey of the learning competence of linguistic communication instructors in relation to their job- atonement, venue of control and professional burnout. He found that ( I ) lyric poem instructors had a moderate sense of personal achievement and success, and so they did non see any professional burnout. ( two ) There was no difference between the instruction competence and occupation gratification of the instructors on the footing of venue of control. ( three ) Female instructors, urban school linguistic communication instructors were found more externally controlled and satisfied with their occupations than the rural and high school linguistic communication instructors. ( four ) There existed a positive correlativity between the step of occupation satisfaction and the standard steps of learning competence, professional burnout variables and standard steps of learning competence.Thiagarajan et. Al. ( 1995 ) studied the relationship between instructor competence as perceived by pupils and accomplishmen t in Economics as a map of sex. Findingss revealed a important correlativity between learning competence and accomplishment. The magnitude of correlativity was different in male childs and misss.Kaushal ( 2001 ) while analyzing the effectivity of schoolroom oppugning behavior preparation on a sample of 40 pupil instructors which every bit mensurable in footings of alteration in the schoolroom oppugning behaviour of pupil instructors and sweetening in learning competency reported that CQBT helps in heightening the learning competence of pupil instructors of experimental group as comp ard to command group of pupil instructors.Farah ( 2002 ) studied in his comparative survey of learning competences of the instructors trained through the titular system of instruction and those through the infinite instruction system. The findings indicate that there is no important difference between the cognition and attitudes of instructors trained through distance manner and those trained through t he formal system terminal there is a important relationship between the attitudes and accomplishments of instructors.Pushpam and Sourdarajan ( 2004 ) conducted a survey of learning competence of secondary school instructors and found that ( I ) instructors working in assisted and matriculation schools have better learning competence than instructors working in govt. and corporation schools. ( two ) The learning competence of more experient instructors is better than the teaching competence of less experient. ( three ) Aged and high income govt. instructors have better instruction competence. ( four ) Private unaided school instructors have better instruction competence and station alumnus have better learning competence than the alumnus instructors. ( V ) Permanent instructors show better learning competence than impermanent instructors. ( six ) Teachers with high income have better learning competence than instructors with low income. ( seven ) No difference was found between rural and urban school instructors sing their instruction competence. ( eight ) Positive attitude of instructors towards learning profession, occupation satisfaction of instructors and word of pupils increase the learning competences of secondary school instructors.Shokeen ( 2006 ) studied the consequence of schoolroom oppugning behavior preparation on learning competence of pupil instructors and their ego construct and found that the experimental group pupil instructors asked more inquiries in their schoolroom as compared to the control group. The CQBT was found to be a better scheme than the ceremonious programme, of pupil instruction as learning competence of pupil instructors was enhanced subsequently CQBT. It was besides found that CQBT was non merely effectual in bettering the schoolroom oppugning behaviour of pupil instructors, but it besides helps in bettering their ego construct. The overall appraisal points towards the supreme effectivity of CQBT and it provides a theoretic al account for proof of instructor.Smriti ( 2008 ) conducted a survey of creativeness in relation to learning competence of B.Ed. pupils and found that ( I ) There is no important difference between the creativeness of B.Ed. pupils belonging to rural and urban background. Therefore it is concluded that creativeness is non being affected by country or part. ( two ) There is no important difference between the creativeness of male and female B.Ed. pupils. Hence creativeness is non being affected by gender. ( three ) There is no important difference between the creativeness of B.Ed. pupils belonging to scientific discipline and humanistic disciplines watercourse. Therefore it is concluded that creativeness is non being affected by topics studied by pupils. ( four ) There is positive correlativity between creativeness and learning competence of B.Ed. pupils.Augustine, J. ( 2010 ) studied the Teaching Aptitude, Competency, Academic background and Achievement in Educational Psychology of Student- instructors in the college of instruction. A sample of 200 pupil instructors selected from 5 colleges of instruction in Kottayam Revenue territory of Kerala was used. The findings of the survey showed that ( I ) There is important positive relationship between learning competence and learning aptitude of pupil instructors. ( two ) There is no consistent positive relationship between academic background and learning aptitude of pupil instructors. ( three ) There is no important positive relationship between learning aptitude and accomplishment in educational mental science.Khatoon, Azeem and Akhtar ( 2011 ) studied the impact of different factors on learning competences at secondary degree in Pakistan. The survey investigated in to a descriptive research to critically reexamine of the impact of different factors on learning competences at secondary degree. The survey has defined female school instructor s socio cultural jobs and environmental jobs.The chief aims of the su rvey were to happen out the female school instructors, socio cultural jobs, and Environment jobs and to mensurate the instruction competence of instructors by relationship between instructors and pupils. The undermentioned consequences were drawn by the research worker in the visible radiation of the analysis of the information. The for the most part households are in favours of female instructor s occupation. The consequence proves that the female save the clip for domestic work due to hold half twenty-four hours occupation. The consequence proves that professional green-eyed monster is everyplace and largely it effects on their instruction competence.Kavita ( 2011 ) studied the consequence of schoolroom oppugning behavior preparation on learning competence of pupil instructors, attitude towards learning and their ego construct. A close analysis of the consequences indicates that the CQBT was found to be better scheme, than the conventional programme, of pupil instruction as lear ning competency of pupil instructors was enhanced after CQBT. It was besides found that CQBT was non merely effectual in bettering the schoolroom inquiring of pupil instructors, but it besides helps in bettering their ego construct. The overall appraisal points towards the ultimate effectivity of CQBT and it provides a theoretical account for proof of instructor.Pawar, I.A. ( 2011 ) studied the Impact of Teacher Training on Teacher Competencies . The findings of the survey showed that ( I ) There is no important difference between the average tonss on instructor competences graduated table of instructors who have trained through conventional and that of those instructors who have done instructor preparation through distance instruction manner in footings of their cognition and attitude. ( two ) There is no important difference between the average tonss on instructor competences graduated table of male and female instructors who have trained through conventional every bit good as di stance manner.Surveies related to Psychological keenLuthans and Youssef ( 2004 ) found that Authentic leaders assurance, hope and optimism roots from their strong beliefs in themselves, in their positive psychological capital and in doing lead to associates precisely what they need from them in order to accomplish sustainable growing and public presentation at exclusive, squad, and/or organisational degrees. Such leaders besides severalize that they have failings, which they work to suit by environing themselves with highly capable followings and constructing an inclusive and engaged positive organisational context. Such contexts support followings for being actively involved in executing their occupation functions and duties, every bit good as in lending to the leader s ain development.Lifeng, Z. ( 2007 ) studied the Effects of Psychological Capital on Emplyoees occupation public presentation, organizational consignment and organisational citizenship behaviour. The conseque nce of the survey showed that after commanding for the demographic variables ( gender and age ) , emplyoees hope, optimism and resilience individually had positive impacts on their occupation public presentation, organisational committedness and organisational behaviour. Employees psychological capital ( a combined concept of hope, optimism and resilience ) had positive impacts on their occupation public presentation, organisational committedness and organisational citizenship behaviour. To sum up, this survey through empirical observation tested the positive relationship between psychological capital employees results. The research consequences indicated psychological capital had positive impacts on employees public presentation.Luthans, Norman, Avolio, et.al. , ( 2008 ) conducted a survey on The mediating function of psychoogical capital in the supportive organisational climate- employee public presentation relationship. The survey investigates whether the late emerging mar row concept of positive psychological capital ( dwelling os hope, resiliency, optimism and efficaciousness ) plays s function in interceding the effects of a supportive organisational clime with employee results. development 3 diverse samples, consequences shows that employees psychological capital is positively related to their public presentation, satisfaction, committedness and a supportive clime is related to employees satisfaction and committedness.Avey, Luthans and Youssef ( 2008 ) studied The elongate Value of Positive Psychological Capital in Predicting Work Attitudes and Behaviors . This survey of a sample of employees ( N=336 ) from a wide cross subdivision of organisations and occupations found that their state-like psychological capital is positively related to desired extra-role organisational citizenship behaviours ( OCBs ) and negatively with unsought organisational cynicism, purposes to discontinue and counterproductive workplace behaviours. Except for single OC Bs, their psychological capital besides predicted alone discrepancy in the same attitudinal and behavioural results beyond their demographics, nucleus self-evaluation, and personality traits, and person-organization tantrum and person-job tantrum.Avey, Luthans and Jensen ( 2009 ) studied the Psychological Capital A Positive option for Combating Employees Stress and Turnover. The findings of the survey were ( I ) There was negative relationship between positive psychological capital and emphasis symptoms. ( two ) There was negative relationship between psychological capital and purposes to discontinue and occupation hunt behaviours severally. ( three ) Symptoms of emphasis would partly intercede the relationship between the psychological capital and both purposes to discontinue and occupation hunt behaviours.Mathur and Tiwari ( 2011 ) studied the Positive Psychology Capital, E.Q. , and S.Q. as determiner of personal well-being in executive adult females and found that subjective we ll being is every bit and strongly make up ones mindd by several factors but the major 1s include positive psychological capital, E.Q. and S.Q. It is apprehensible that individuals who have properties of positive psychological capital, E.Q. and S.Q. can successfully get by with emphasiss of life and such emphasiss are perceived as chances rather than challenges. Based on these observations, it can be concluded that Psychological Capital, Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence play a important function in the care of Subjective Well Being in executive adult females. It can be indirectly assumed that these adult females must besides be really high on self- efficaciousness, resiliency, optimism and hope.Ravindranath ( 2011 ) explained the Life accomplishments as an attack in psychological capital in life and work scenes. He discussed that an intercession like life accomplishment s preparation are comprehensive including assorted countries like thought, behaviour and emotions. The concl uding marks being self- consciousness, self- regard and accepting of others. In an person, life accomplishments develop over the old ages interminably in an active mode. There are many accomplishments, which are needed to successfully negociate each and every interaction. Expected learning results include a combination of cognition, values, attitudes and accomplishments with a peculiar accent on those accomplishments that are related to critical thought, and job resolution, self direction and communicating and inter- personal accomplishments. Further more life accomplishments evolved as a consequence of mental well being and wellness, so life accomplishments can be considered as an intercession scheme in positive psychological science and wellness.Kaur ( 2012 ) studied the occupation satisfaction of secondary school instructors in relation to psychological capital. She found that ( I ) there was negative negligible relationship between occupation satisfaction and psychological capi tal of secondary school instructors. ( two ) There was negative negligible relationship between occupation satisfaction and psychological capital of govt. secondary school instructors. ( three ) There was negative negligible relationship between occupation satisfaction and psychological capital of private secondary school instructors. ( four ) There was negative negligible relationship between occupation satisfaction and psychological capital of male secondary school instructors. ( V ) There was negative negligible relationship between occupation satisfaction and psychological capital of female secondary school instructors.Surveies Related to Religious IntelligenceVaughan ( 2002 ) discussed that Spiritual news program is concerned with the interior life of head and spirit and its relationship with being in the universe. Religious intelligence implies a capacity for a deep apprehension of experiential inquiries and an penetration into multiple degrees of consciousness. Religious int elligence besides implies consciousness of spirit as the shore of being or as the originative life force of development. If the development of life from stardust to mineral, veggie, animate being, and human being implies some signifier of intelligence instead than being a strictly random procedure, it might be called religious. Religious intelligence emerges as consciousness evolves into an ever-deepening consciousness of affair, life, organic structure, head, psyche, and spirit. Religious intelligence, so, is more than single mental ability. It appears to link the personal to the transpersonal and the ego to spirit. It goes beyond conventional psychological development. In add-on to self-awareness, it implies consciousness of our relationship to the transcendent, to each other, to the Earth and all existences. As a clinical psychologist, he farther explains that spiritual intelligence opens the bosom, illuminates the head, and inspires the psyche, linking the single human mind to the underlying land of being. Religious intelligence can be developed with pattern and can assist a individual distinguish world from semblance. It may be expressed in any civilization as love, wisdom, and service. Mahajan ( 2011 ) studied the Academic Achievement in relation to Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence. A sample of 140 pupils analyzing in category Eleven from four schools of Hoshiarpur was taken for the aggregation of informations. The technique employed was multistage randomisation of bunchs at school and subdivision degree. B- Variate coefficients and t- ratios were used to analyze the information. The findings were- ( I ) There exists no important difference between the emotional intelligence of male childs and misss. ( two ) There exists no important difference between the religious intelligence of male childs and misss. ( three ) There exists positive and important relationship between academic accomplishment and emotional intelligence of male childs a nd misss. Besides the relationship was found positive and important for male childs and misss individually. ( four ) There exists positive and important relationship between academic accomplishment and Religious Intelligence of male childs and misss. Besides the relationship was found positive and important for male childs and misss individually. ( V ) There exists positive and important relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence of male childs and misss.Jeloudar and Goodarzi ( 2012 ) examined the relationship between instructors religious intelligent and their occupation satisfaction index at senior secondary schools degree. Participants were 177 pedagogues who completed the religious Intelligence Scale ( ECI ) , and a transformation of the Job Descriptive Index is a graduated table used to mensurate six major factors associated with occupation satisfaction based on a selected demographic variable. The findings of the survey showed that there were impor tant relationship between instructors religious intelligence and their occupation satisfaction. The survey besides revealed that there was important difference found between instructors religious intelligence and their academic degrees. Further there were important relationship was found between instructors religious intelligence and five factors of occupation satisfaction ( nature of the work itself, attitudes towards supervisors, dealingss with colleagues, chances for publicity, work status in the present environment ) , but no important relationship with one factor ( salary and clear ) of occupation satisfaction.Rastgar, Davoudi and Oraji ( 2012 ) conducted a survey in Mazandaran, a state in North of Iran, and aimed to analyse the function of emplyoees religious intelligence in perceptual experience of organisational justness. There were 1100 forces in Mellat bank. A sum of 366 questionnaire were distributed among the bank forces and 288 filled questionnaires were returned. The factor analysis and findings show that emplyoees religious intelligence has a important positive influence on perceptual experience of organisational justness. This determination implied that the higher the degree of emplyoees religious intelligence, tended to increase the degree of employees perceptual experience of organisational justness.

Functions of Management Essay

Most employmentes are guided through some type of philosophy that may increase in profit and to ensure the business success and growth according to (Bateman & Snell 2007). This paper result demonstrate the following four functions of management planning, organizing, leading and controlling. These types of functions must be performed by the management groups depending on the level of industry, title or the amount of obligations or task within the company. The four types of functions will define the roles and responsibility of each team. This paper will explicate those four functions and how they currently apply in my workplace.First function is planning, this type defines as being able to conform some type of goal or deciding the course of action, it is developing rules and regulations, developing plans on both the organizations and people that actually work in it as well as forecasting on what the future holds for the company. For standard, in my current company that I work for Vynapse LLC, I was recently promoted to become the new Project Manager. The company just recently move its biggest account from one of our locations in Windsor to our Napa office. As a Project Manager it is my responsibility to ensure that the process of the move on this account will run smoothly as it can be and to ensure that this demotes I will need game plan to get this account into our building. This is just an example of what a planning function would be.Second function is organizing, this type defines the identity of the jobs that are required to be done, which means hiring the right team, being able to realize departments and delegating or pushing authorities to subordinates and establishing communication according to (Bateman & Snell 2007). As a Project Manager moving this account to our facility, I now induct the responsibility to hire an entire crew for operations for instance, developing a whole department of Inventory, Customer Service and a warehouse team. As a Pr oject Manager I would need to be organized and ensure all these steps happen in a timely manner particularly having a deadline of when the move will take place.Third function is leading, this type of defines on influencing other people to ensure the job gets done, it is maintaining morale, managing conflict and the key as always is communication. As the new Project Manager it is my role to be that example or have that leadership to show my team that I am able to managed this account and that the process will run smoothly without it having to fall through the cracks. The key to leading is having that communication with my team members especially for the new team I will be hiring. I want to be that example and show that I am able to do the job in a timely fashion.Fourth function is controlling, this type defines the performance standards. No matter how the project can be really difficult, I still have to set standards for every task. As a Project Manager, I have to be sure that I set standards and ensure that for any performance that may happen during the process of the movement to our location that I may be able to solve any of the issues that may come towards me. Learning to have the control in the workplace is such an important aspect because you always want to set that goal or that standard towards your fellow employees or coworkers.In closing, Controlling utilisation of Managment, 2011 management is such an important role in the business world. Understanding the key roles of each function of planning, organizing, leading and controlling will help an exclusive to become a better manager. As a new Project Manager to the company, it is very challenging, but at the same time understanding or knowing these four function has helped me to ensure that the account that is being transferred to our location will help me to become a good manager.ReferencesManagement The New combative Landscape (7th ed.) T.S. Bateman and S.A. Snell McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2007 New York, NY. Controlling Function of Managment. (2011). All about economics, (1), 5. Retrieved from http//www.sayeconomy.com/controlling-function-of-management/

The Significance of Art in The Republic of Plato

The Republic of Plato as parasols the justice of a censored society which, in reading The Republic as a philosophical treatise, is not surprising. Quotes abound in The Republic supporting this claim, such as we must(prenominal) supervise the makers of tales and if they make a fine tale, it must be approved, yet if its not, it must be rejected. Well persuade nurses and mothers to tell the approved tales to their children and to shape their souls with tales more than their bodies with hands. Most of those they now tell must be thr give out. Bloom, Bibb) Through-out the education of the guardians of the urban center within The Republic, Socrates restricts the poets and story tellers more and more, tossing out what ever would seem to harm his perfectly Just urban center or diminish the patriotism of those living within. It comes as no surprise that the casual reader may have qualms with this extreme censorship of the artist and what they are permitted to create. A closer reading and an Idea of the loving significance of the artist 2500 years ago, seems to reveal a different Intent to Socrates seemingly stubborn pollen of art.Plato was an artist himself, piece of music beautiful dramatic dialogues, which are more or less un standardized the more modern philosophers like Kant or Hegel who write philosophical treatise. This distinction becomes important in how Plato Is read in comparison to other philosophers. In the mainstream philosophy of our time the most commonplace way to read a philosophers writing is through a collection of excerpts from many writers on a original topic. These books are great for getting a lot of different views but unfortunately they destroy the messages contained in non philosophical treatise type writing, such as Plats.Flats writing can not be taken out of context with excerpts. It would be Like taking Machetes speech from Shakespeare play Macbeth and saying that Is Shakespearean philosophy on the meaning of life, It simply does not do Justice to the writer and their work. The Republic Is about searching for Justice In the human soul, it is also about in the lead Glaucoma onward from a political life because he has a possibly tyrannical soul (Palmer, 33-34)2. The arguments used to bring about these two points cannot be taken out of context from the book to portray a different theory of Plates.The prejudices against Plates philosophical writings usually come from taking an excerpt and applying logical epitome to prove his arguments invalid which simply displays a lack of understanding of how Plato writes. How Socrates came to talk to those in the dialogues, why he is talking to them, and what is not said is Just as important as what Is said in the Platonic dialogues, they are all dramas and should be read as such. Now that we have some reasons for doubting the common criticism of Plates views on art from The Republic.I would like to demonstrate specific reasons for doubting sides to bring about the perfec tly Just metropolis in speech and cost up with Socrates admit criticism of this city and his reasons for doubting its relevance. The city in speech brought about with The Republic begins with the end of Socrates seeming refutation of Trashcans which Glaucoma rejects and restates the argument for notwithstanding scrutiny (AAA-361 d). The argument is over whether it is a better life to live perfectly Just or perfectly unjust.Glaucoma states the argument as such For I desire to hear what each is and what power it has all alone by itself when t is in the souldismissing its wages and its consequences. (Bloom, Bibb) After some convincing, Socrates accepts the challenge to assert Justice (ICC). In taking on this feet, Socrates contrives an easier way to spot Justice in the soul. He claims that justice in the soul is like small earn and hard to see while Justice in a city is like big letters and entrust be easier to see (ICC-d). So Socrates sets out to creating a perfectly just city in speech to flush out Justice in the soul.Whether or not this is a decent begin to find Justice will be dealt with later by Socrates himself. The first city created, or the first stage of the city, is based on a city of utmost necessity and grows only to the size of a small city (Palmer, 16 Bibb-371 b). Glaucoma rejects this simple city and wants one with more luxury (ICC-d). Socrates believes the first city created was the current and healthy city but he agrees to create a feverish city (IEEE). This forces the city to grow much larger and to take land away from neighbors to support it and, in doing so the city will need an army (37th-e).Attendants urges for a discussion of how these guardians of the city will be educated and reluctantly Socrates accepts and says like men telling myths within a myth we will educate the guardians (Palmer, 16 37th). Socrates, in his own creation of this city in speech, is claiming here that he is telling a myth, and further, that the education of t he guardians is a myth within a myth. This, ironically, is the beginning of the education of the guardians in which Socrates brings about his famed censorship.Socrates continues to give clues to his disapproval of his own argument, as if he is just putting on a show at this point. After discovering Justice in the city, Socrates ants to find out if it corresponds to Justice in the soul, remember the big and small letters. Socrates says We were, I believe, saying that in order to get to the finest possible look at these things another and longer road almost would be required, and to the man who took it they would become evident, but that proofs on a level with what had been said up to then could be tacked on.And you all said that would suffice. And so, you see, the statements made at that time were, as it looks to me, deficient in precision. If they were satisfactory to you, only you can tell. (Bloom, Bibb n reference to Dodd) Amazingly, Glaucoma accepts what Socrates called a defici ent argument on both occasions, although the life-threatening reader probably should not. (As Palmer, 23, remarks Heretofore, the arguments were so lacking in precision that they may have been without any value whatsoever (AAA-b). ) Socrates to tell how it could come into being (471 c-e). Glaucoma forgets, as most readers do, that the city was not created for the purpose of creating a city but for discovering Justice in the human soul. Socrates reminds him, in length, of his mistake and what the legitimate purpose of the city is (Bibb-Bibb). Glaucomas demand that the good city in speech be realized measures exactly the degree to which he has not understood the Republic. (Penetrate, 123)3 As seems to be true for anyone who believes Socrates was trying to create a true city, and therefore, any regulations Socrates makes within this city. Further evidence for this is evident later on when Glaucoma declares that the philosophers will not mind the business organisation of politics bec ause he finally understands the nonsensical nature of the city. But, Socrates again reminds him of what they were really talking about and that the philosopher will mind the equines of the city within himself, he will mind the business of his own soul (Palmer, 32).Although the city in speech within The Republic does not seem to represent a real city and should not be taken as a literal attempt to create a perfectly Just city in reality, the fact carcass that Plato does seem to be very hard on the artist, especially the poets. The image of the cave sets up mankind as looking at the shadows of artifacts displayed on the fence in of a cave by the poets (Palmer, 28 AAA-51 AAA). This gives good reason for Socrates being so hard on them in the creation of the city in beech tree if the poets are the ones deceiving mankind.Today, of course, poets are not an influence on political life and it would seem ridiculous to accuse them of writing false poems. In Athens and antique Greek culture, the poets were a major influence. They were the authority on the gods and on virtue. In fact, they were the only authority that would be quoted in a trial or by a representative of the people. They would be very well known by almost all inhabitants of Athens. The poets are the unacknowledged legislators of mankind (Penetrate, 223). It was not the arts roofless which Plato was attacking but their significance in politics.Plato was attempting to replace the poets authority with the authority of philosophy or of reason, which would seem most natural to anyone today. Plats true intent in his criticism of the poets is brought up later on in The Republic when in book X he attacks Homer specifically. He compares Homer to the likes of an artisan that makes objects or anything he wants including gods through representation (ICC). Glaucoma claims that this man could only be a sophist (59th). The implicit problem that Socrates poses with the poet is that he does not give an explanation of hi mself.Homer dialogue about virtuous people and the fantastic deeds they do but these heroes do not praise the poets for their deeds. The poet seems to have no place in his own writing and their Speech seems to be subordinate to the deed. Of the people they are praising (Bloom, 430). Socrates claims that the poet is an imitator of an imitator, in that, the poet appeals to the people and what they want and is only popular if they approve, he must follow the popular view. The peoples view is shaped by the legislator who lays down laws in view of what he believes would be natural law (Bloom, 432).

Biology Microarray Lab report Essay

The analysis of DNA using the microarray technique has become one of the most significant methods in the area of enquiry genetics. This technique f all in alls under the area of gene convention profiling. Most of the time, this procedure is applied by scientists in the effort to investigate a ample range of conditions. This is because experimental procedures cam be performed on numerous genes at the same time. They include researches on cancer to finding numerous solutions to the problems that are presented by pests. With this forward motion an opportunity has been offered for the performance of personal DNA microarray experiments. Among the basis of such experiments is the determination between healthy cells and the cancer cells. Based on the complexity of the microarray experiments, it is vital that all scientists obtain a solid understanding on the DNA basics as well as the way through which genes express themselves.DNA microarrays induct been used in the extensive survey of t he relative transcription in any gene within a genome. Most of the cancer cells in piece beings are found within the developing nerves. Howevber, they do not allow the complete quantification level of gene expression. Moreover, the DNA chips do not make it doable to follow the amount of mRNA produced from a relative sample with that produced from the control population. As such, it can be used to compare the rate of gene expression in a lung cell with cancer and a helthy lung cell. Therefore, the main goal of this practival test is to ptovide a way to understand how microarrays are used tostudy the gene expressions. It allows the investigators to determine the level of gene activity for a complete gene. As such, they make it easier to diagnose various diseases that injmclude cancer.Two main steps result be convoluted in the performance of the microarray lab experiments. These include the prehybridization and the hybridization steps. These are conducted through a number of 7 min i steps. They will involve the collection of the create from raw stuff or sample, the isolation of the RNA, isolation of the mRNA, creation of a labelled DNA copy, application off DNA, scanning of a microarray and the analysis of data (Campbell et al., 333).Different pH indicators that are colorless at neutral and colored at high pH of above 10 will be applied. They will be involved with molten Agarose this includes Madison, Promega, WI and V312A. It will later be allowed to cool. They could also be placed in a hot bath of 650 and kept molten. They will be fluent if to be used days later. Pipettes will be used to apply the DNA onto the sneaks.Collection of mRNAThe plate will be incubated for 5 minutes to allow for the release of mRNA. It will past pipetted in a Tri reagent for extraction. 80 uL of chloroform will subsequently be added and shaken vigorously then centrifuged to severalise the cells into layers. 2 ml isopropanol will be added, the mixture centrifuged and the sup ernatant poured off. After this, the preparation of the RNA for spec by will be make by adding Agarose gel.The pre-hybridization steps will involve the preparation of stocks and obtaining of the microarray slide and steaming it on a hot plate for between 30 seconds and 1 minute. It will then be cooled at room temperature. It is important to warm the solution in case there are any crystals. The two slides can then be treated back to back and dipped in distilled water severally it will be dried and spun for 2-3 minutes in a centrifuge. The slide is then hybridized by placing in a clean 50ml tube in a heated incubator. A coverslip is prepared by dipping into 0.2%SDS, then water. Blot, dry and stick around to the hybridization step (Campbell et al., 338).HybridizationIt includes the hybridization of the DNA chip using 3DNA array 350 protocol. Chips containing 70mer oligos and 2 copies of the known cDNAs in the human genome are used. This should be make at least 24 hours before the ex periment. unsex the solution only when it is ready for use. It is mainly 0.1M NaOH. The first step includes thawing vial at 7.2X. Make the hybridization solution with 50 ul total to fit across the cover slip. Incubate it at 800 for ten minutes. The entire 58 ul is then transferred on the microarray and the fiddling edge of the cover slip placed on the short edge of the slide, which is then transferred to a 50 ml tube. The arrays after washing 2 must be read immediately since the color of the chips goes bad quickly (Kushner 1-5).ReferencesCampbell, A., Malcolm, Zanta, A., Carolyn, Heyer, J. Laurie, Kittinger,Ben, Gabric, M.Kathleen and Adler, Leslie. DNA Microarray Wet Lab Simulation Brings Genomics intothe High School Curriculum. CBE Life Science Education. 2006 overwinter 5(4) 332339.Kushner, B. David. DNA Microarrays in the Undergraduate Microbiology Lab Experimentationand Handling Large Datasets in as Few as Six Weeks. Journal of microbiology andbiology education, 2007. Vol. 8Source entry

Ad-Comm Group “Whitebook”: Cross-Marketing Platform for Luxury Brands in Japan Essay

1. What is a Whitebook? What image(s) does it play in the Marketing strategy of Ad-comms client companies? Answers 15 lines maximum. Whitebook is a cross securities industrying platform, a magazine that is published in Japan every 4 months and which displays nine luxury crackmarks in nine diverse types of crossway. The magazine is customized for each luxury sponsors. The Whitebook plays an important role in impairment of marketing strategy as it is a brand ambassador and CRM tool. As the Whitebook is mainly distri entirelyed through sponsors, the Whitebook targets a prequalified small group of costumers but right ones, right at the beginning.Being displayed in the magazine can be holdn a recognition of being a top luxury brand and be therefore an award. The Magazine creates a strong relationship between the brands and the costumers, as the costumers feel privileged to receive special attention from the brand. Moreoer the Whitebook organizes instance as well, which gathers c ustomers and one brand. Those events gives the opportunity for luxury brands to create a personal relationship (face-to-face relationship) with its customers, by telling its inheritance and answering questions. 2. Take the scene of the general manager of Porsche Japan.See more Old Age Problem essayHow would you assess the cost effectiveness or ROI of investing 20 meg hurt a year to sponsor Whitbook? Would you be willing to be a sponsor? Why or why not? Answer by using a break-even analysis, and by calculating the pass judgment customer lifetime value (i. e. todays expected value of a customers purchases over the course of his/her life as a Porsche customer). 1 to 2 pages. a. You must know what a break-even analysis is this is when your return/revenue covers your investment in other words how many cars to sell to repay for the investment in Whitebook? b.Customer Lifetime value refer to the last class definition expected value of a customer over the course of his/her life as a c ustomer = selling price of a Porsche x number of Porsches purchased in a lifetime. Be creative by using the data of the case and common sense. in that respect is no magic formula. I will take your assumptions into consideration. c. consequently the cost effectiveness can be assessed by comparing to competitive offerings Porsche sales increased by 4. 55 ( 3000/658= 4. 55 p. 8) in 6 years. For a luxury brand, democratization of the product also means loss of prestige and exclusivity.Whitebook is a way to keep the luxury image of the brand by creating a special relationship with the silk hat costumers. 20 million Yen represents 2. 4% of the total marketing budget (p. 8). Assuming that an average price of Porsche is 75 000$ USD , in 6 years they have sold for 175 650 000$ (75 000 x 2320) . 20 million Yen is equal to 214 241. 04$ USD which corresponds to 1 285 446. 24$ USD in 6 years. In call of break-even analysis and still assuming the average price of 75 000 $, they need to sell 3 cars (2. 86) (214 241.04 / 75 000) per year to repay their investment in Whitebook. However, the case mentions that 10% of the VIP customers own 8-9 Porsches (p. 8), therefore we can assume that Porsche company sells at least 3 cars per year and therefore sponsoring Whitebook is fat. In terms of Costumer Lifetime value, we shall still assume the average price of 75 000$ USD per car and the number of Porsches purchased in a lifetime of 8. 5 (8-9 Porsches own over lifetime p. 8). The Costumer Lifetime Value is therefore equal to 637 500 (75 000 x 8.5).Finally, in terms of cost effectiveness, if we look at exhibit 9, we see that the manufacturers suggested retail price of Whitebook is best advantageous compared to other selected print media in Japan. The manufacturers suggested retail price is relatively mortified (5 000 000 Yen) compared to the number of pages and the location. Lets take 25ans. The MSRP is 4 200 000 Yen for 2 pages on the back cover compared to 800 000Yen more fo r Whitebook (therefore 1. 19 more high-ticket(prenominal) (5 000 000 / 4 200 000 = 1.19) ) for 3 times more pages inside the magazine for Whitebook. It is then clear that Whitebook is more profitable compared to less expensive magazines in terms of cost effectiveness. Moreover 25ans targets womens luxury, however Porsche and fast cars are commonly known to be of mainly great interest for men. Concerning Esquire, the MSRP is 3 200 000 Yen of 2 pages on the back cover, Whitebook is 1 800 000 more (therefore 1. 5626 more expensive (5 000 000 / 32 000 000)) for 3 times more pages inside the magazine.Thus, Whitebook magazine is more profitable than Esquire. Moreover Esquire targets Mens fashion/lifestyle only, however purchasing a Porsche can also involve women (Porsche Cayenne for example). Concerning Nikkei Business, the MSRP is 5 680 000 Yen of 2 pages on the back cover which target trading customers. Compare to Whitebook, Nikkei Business is 1. 136 more expensive than Whitebook for less pages. Moreover the Nikkei Business target only business Concerning Asahi new-sprung(prenominal)spaper, the MSRP is 22 500 000 Yen for full page.Compare toe Whitebook, Asahi Newspaper is 4. 5 more expensive. Moreover, Asahi Newspaper targets general public, however Porsche wants to keep the luxury prestige and exclusive image of the brand by investing in a magazine, the target readers doesnt therefore correspond to the main aim of Porsche. In conclusion, Whitebook is the best investment in terms of cost effectiveness compared to competitive offerings. 3. Put yourself in the shoes of Andreas Dannenberg.Whitebook exploits opportunities (and leverages strength, addresses weaknesses, and counter threats) in the luxury market and advertising industry, and it helps Ad-comm baulk ahead of potential capability improvements by Japanese and multinational competitors. What is Whitebook to you? What role(s) does it play in the marketing strategy of Ad-comm itself? Answer by using a jamp ack analysis (for Ad-comm) to understand internal and external strategic position. 1 to 2 pages. In terms of Strengths * Whitebook enables to be independent from Japanese Players * Doesnt have to be subcontracted by Japanese agencies * Target the right costumers.* Plays a role of CRM tool * establish privilege relationships between the brands and the costumers * Maintain the luxury and exclusive image of the sponsors * Create events to build a face to face relationship and build a trust relationship in the long run with VIP costumers - the brand tells stories and heritage to the customer and the Japanese consumption, customers are choosing a brand mainly because of its heritage, recommendations of experts and experiences of family and friends. * Plays a role of brand ambassador * alter luxury companies to display the corporate portfolio * Enable luxury brands to make their cash flows easier.In terms of Weaknesses * Limited to Japanese market * Limited to the Japanese market * Impl ementation on international market requires global corporate decision In terms of Opportunities * Cross-marketing platform * Select prequalified targeted and top-tier customer * Create a unique virtual experience for privilege guests as well trough its website and entry key * Track behaviors of target customers * The website tracks behaviors of target customers * Create events which can be an opportunity to launch a new product to a right target costumer * Enable luxury companies to get new costumers.* Work as a CRM tool In terms of Threats * No competitors at the moment because is very selective and the nurture the relationship with the brand. * However, competitors can come in the market, target also luxury clientele with more luxury brands or more subcategories * New competitors can come and create other type of cross-marketing platform like a privilege club which enables the brands to meet * New competitors can come an create the same magazine suited for the global market or USA market which number of customers are greater.4. What would you do with the elaborateness opportunities described at the end of the case (pp. 10-13)? Would you pursue (a) increasing the number of sponsors I the current Whitebook? (b) replicating the current Whitebook in overseas market or (c) ontogenesis an alternate Whitebook focused on the new edgy brand market? Why? Answer with Pros and Cons in 1 to 2 pages. (a) Increasing the number of sponsors I the current Whitebook Pros * change magnitude flexibility when planning events * Increase quantity of events (number of events)* Increase quality of events, as more VIP customers and sponsor companies are available * Increase the use of CRM tool * Make the relationship between brand and consumer more visible Cons * Additional cost could offset the fixed costs of production * Losing believability * Losing trust with the brands * Losing luxury appeal because luxury is based on scarcity and exclusivity (b) Replicating the current Whiteb ook in overseas market (the best option because) Pros * Minimize extra effort and attention required to Whitebook * Provide learning opportunity for the account managers.* Can introduce new categories in the book * Multinational sponsor already present in the Japanese version can be included in the overseas version * Already implemented in US, Singapore Cons * Theres a small budget required by sponsors * The decisions so fare are regional and not on corporate level * ever-changing the marketing strategy at a global level will be uncontrollable for Whitebook unless they change the whole corporate structure, which possible (c) Developing an alternative Whitebook focused on the new edgy brand market Pros * Maintain most loyal costumers * Help to acquire innovative customers.* Guarantee of 50 000 targeted customers * Involves high-margin brand segments * Developing new relationships with new companies Cons * Should redirect the target customers on young customers * Being part of a comm unity takes out their own personality and singularity * Because edgy brands target young customers and customers prefer interactive marketing tools so edgy brand prefer to invest their marketing budget and events or promotions quite an that printing marketing * Change the value of luxury image of the book * Because luxury is based on exclusivity and scarcity, including edgy brands will damage this luxury image.

Conflicting Perspectives Essay

Composers are able to put forward in the consultation trusted reactions to characters or yetts in their texts by presenting distant perspectives on different issues d hotshot with(predicate) the manipulation of the language forms and features of their medium, often communicating their own ideas about issues in question, which results in the creation of sum within their texts. (?). David Guterson in his 1995 novel Snow Falling on Cedars (Snow) and Henry noodle in his 2001 blast The Believer (Believer) demonstrate conscious choices made regarding structure and techniques in the construction of their texts in launch to establish strange perspectives exploring ideas on racial prejudice and hatred and cultural contrasts and thus engage the audience.Composers can quiz racial/religious prejudice brought on by war by using form particularised techniques to present irrelevant perspectives on the same event, designed to incite certain audience responses. Guterson, in Snow, int entionally presents distant perspectives between Arthur Chambers and Hatsue and other members of the white community on San Piedro, particularly Etta Heine, in order to draw sympathy for the treatment of the Japanese later on Pearl Harbour is bombed. Arthur is empathetic towards them, saying in his local paper the San Piedro Review, those of Japanese descent on this island are not responsible for the tragedy at Pearl Harbour. Make no mistake about it. The high modality language and short, direct sentences utilise by Guterson highlights Arthurs deeply-held opinion of the innocence of the Japanese on the island. In support of Arthurs argument, Hatsue, through the narratives non-linear structure, recalls her pain and confusion at the treatment of her people, saying, It just isnt fair its not fair. How could they do this to us, just like that? The affectional appeal in addition to Arthurs cla theatrical role triggers audience support of the Japanese community. Guterson, however, a lso presents the contrasting racial hatred of the white islanders towards the Japanese. Etta Heine justifies the deportation of the Japanese with blunt, monosyllabic sentences Theyre Japs Were in a war with them. We cant have spies around. The use of the derogative termJaps and the distinct differentiation between them, the Japanese, and we, the white people, illustrates her bigoted hatred of the Japanese. with the conflicting perspectives of Etta against Arthur and Hatsue, Guterson sways the audience to feel for the ill treatment of the Japanese, and shows them his own opinion on the negative effect of racial discrimination in wartime on the perceptions and conduct towards certain groups.Conflicting perspectives are established by Bean in Believer between Daniel, a neo-Nazi who is paradoxically a Jew himself, and a number of Holocaust survivors pertaining to the strength of their actions during WWII which aims to verbalise a pro-Jewish sentiment to audiences. At a sensitivity t raining session, Danny is enraged at a Jewish mans lack of action while watching his son being murdered by a Nazi during the Holocaust. Rapidly cutting over-the-shoulder shots between Danny and the Jews indicate their opposing views. A close-up of Danny when he is asked by the Jews what he would have done in the situation shows his contempt and incredulous disbelief of the Jews weakness as he replies Not what he did. Just stand there and watch? Bean immediately employs a close-up reaction shot of the female Jew who rebuts with, How do you know? Youve never been tested like he has. here in his rich, safe, stupid country it is so easy to imagine oneself a hero. The personal address through 2nd person and the accumulation of adjectives to build a negative image of America strongly opposes Dannys prejudiced conviction that Jews are pathetic, and also appeals to audiences the idea that religious prejudice towards Jews is unjustified. As Guterson does in Snow, conflicting perspectives ar e represented by Bean in order to sway his audience to respond negatively to unfounded sentiments of prejudice.Conflicting perspectives between characters can be used by composers to control the way in which an audience perceives them by exploring the cultural clashes that exist in the text as a reflection of societal (or social?) behaviour. In Snow, Guterson presents conflicting perspectives between Kabuo and the board during his murder trial. In the opening chapter, a intense description of Kabuos posture and expression is given from the jurys perspective he is shown as proudly upright rigid detached. This initial portrait portrait of Kabuo makes him suspicious not only to the jurybut also to the audience, as Hatsue tells Kabuo using a simile that he looks like one of Tojos soldiers. However, Guterson, through the novels non-linear structure, refutes this perspective by explaining Kabuos behaviour to the audience via a flashback. Through his fathers teachings that the greater th e composure, the more revealed one was, the audience learns the reason behind Kabuos impassive stance. Third person omniscient allows the audience to sympathise with Kabuos emotive explanation that he sit upright in the hope that his desperate composure might reflect the shape of his sense. Guterson, through conflicting perspectives, influences his audience to understand Kabuo and the impact of contrasting cultural values on the perception of an individual.In Believer, Bean likewise shows contrasting opinions between Danny, who cannot fully repress his secret Jewish identity, and his anti-Semitic skinhead friends to create audience sympathy for Dannys inner struggles with the opposing aspects of his identity. When Danny and his friends break into a synagogue, Daniel shows a surprising respect for his trust which clashes with those of the other neo-Nazis. This directly conflicts with Dannys character established at the films opening, when he violently beats up a Jew for no apparen t reason. Wearing a brown shirt symbolise the Nazi SA (brown-shirts), Dannys dark costuming contrasts with the light coloured one of his Jewish victim, high spot the evil in his nature. Bean, however, challenges the audiences view of Danny in order to allow them to understand his conflicting identities. In one frame, Danny is in the foreground walking down an aisle, which is juxtaposed with the other Nazis vandalising the synagogue. Their loud, raucous whooping contrasts to that of Dannys respectful silence, highlighting their different treatments of the Jewish destination. When one of the Nazis tears up a Torah, a sacred Jewish text, after much opposition from Danny, a reaction shot of him shows sadness and pain accompanied by sadness music, underlining Dannys unspoken deference for Judaism. Beans portrayal of conflicting perspectives on Jewish culture incites the audience to respond more sympathetically towards Danny, and to understand that his veneer is a product of cultural differences in his society.The composers in Snow and Believer have effectively utilised techniques within their medium to represent conflicting perspectives about racial or religious prejudice and cultural differences in order to provoke certain audience responses to the characters, events or situations in their story. This includes reactions of sympathy for a certain perspective or disbelief and even dislike of opposing perspectives. In this way, the composers connect to the audience and generate meaning within their texts.In Snow, Hatsue is contain by the traditions of her culture, as shown when her mother Fujiko says to her dont allow living among the hakujin to become living intertwined with them. Your soul will decay rot and go sour. The change in language to refer to the Americans as hakujin and the emotive metaphor of Hatsues breakdown of purity highlights Fujikos dislike of American culture. This

My Time of the Year Essay

People have their preferred season whether it is winter, spring, summer, or autumn. Out of those quaternion seasons my favorite season is summer. Even though the temperatures can be emergerageously ridiculous hot, I tranquillize enjoy the hot sun. Going to the beach is one of my favorite thing to do during the summer. After facial expression for parking at Huntington Beach for about an hour, I try to find the perfect spot done the crowded beach to lay my towel down. I found the spot. The tan-gray sand is somewhat dry alone also a little damp.I throw my blue-green towel on the sand. I change by reversal down to sit on the towel, but before I lay down I coiffe sun-tanning spray all over my body so I can sunbathe. As soon as I finish putting on the sun-tanning spray, I lie down and put on my sunglasses. only when now I think to myself Should I put on my earphones? Or should I listen to the crashing waves, the seagulls squawking and the mickle complaining that there is sand on their sandwiches. I think that I will listen to my iPod instead. directly that I have decided to listen to my iPod, I put the headphones in my ear and choose the music I want to listen to. I am in the mood to listen to Kutless, a Christian rock band.While I lay on the beach, I can feel the Vitamin E being soaked into my skin. I feel my body getting hotter than usual, similar to a turkey getting out of the oven on Thanksgiving Day. The heat is telling my body that one side is being done of tanning. once my front side is done tanning I turn to my backside and I do the same thing I did with my front side.When I feel my backside is getting hot as well, I am done sunbathing. Before I leave the beach I dust off my towel, form it up and pick up anything that got thrown on the sand. I pack up my suntan spray, my towel, my iPod, and my sunglasses. I try to remember where I parked. Once I found my car I put my things in the back seat, get in the drivers side, put my seatbelt on, turn o n the car, turn the piano tuner up, and drive home. Summer may not be a lot of peoples favorite time of the year, but I know that it is my time of the year.

Christianity vs. Buddhism

Gabriel Tajimaroa Donavan Ingram Eng 1A April 3 2010 Research Es severalize saviourianity vs. Buddhism There ar spelly righteousnesss and sacred texts that oblige wrought complete civilizations and cultures. They cause varied in their theories of creation and how hu valet de chambre should live and strike towards each other(a)(a) and nature. The more I study religions and sacred text the more I see that for the most depart manpowert they are a bid. Most of them share a view of manage and peace towards all things living. What varies between them are simply deities.It is these minor fights that cause their followers to completely tweet their sacred text to the point where they admit completely deviated from their text and do the opposite of what their text commands. For manakin rescuer lived a life of adore, benevolence and the general bringance of human beings ( parole, JOHN 82-11). up to now a Christian church service was liable for deaths of Muslim soldie rs and Christian soldiers in the fun era cognize as the crusades (Black P. 200-202). In this essay I volitioning compare and contrast Christianity and Buddhism.Christianity bequeath take the explanation of Actions of the Christ as seen in the tidings and The adopted laws of the Christ in the Bible. I will the likewise define the difference between Christianity as adopted thru actions taken by a Christian church. Buddhism will be considered by Buddhist tenet on how to carry ones profess life. afterward some consideration I have learned that the Christianity and Buddhism are more alike than they are different. I have learned that Christianity is nonhing like the both.The peace and love taught by Christianitys and Buddhisms founders are so alike, that the deuce can be united in the sense that the rules of living can be considered the same. I will begin with Christs teachings and actions on how to live and act towards people. In my introduction I cited John 82-11. In this piece of Johns text, custody bring to the Christ a woman that has been caught in the act of adultery. The men state that under Moses law the woman essential be stoned to death. The Christ replied let the one of you who is overstepless be the first to throw a stone at her. all told the men that had heard him left one by one. Christ overly let the woman go on her way telling her Neither do I censure you, go your way, from now on sin no more. In this text it is brought to understand that no man is to may hightail it apprehension on any(prenominal) other soul. Furthermore this shows Christianitys forgiveness and Love to even those who have practiced measly moral crimes so long they recognize their faults. Buddhisms relation to men being hit from brain over one another comes in the form of Karma. even so Karma takes this idea further Buddhists understand karma as a natural law. There is no higher instance, no judgment, no divine intervention, and no gods that luff mans de stiny, but only the law of karma itself, which works on a global time frame. Deeds consecrate consequences either in the next second, in the next hour, day, month, year, decade, or even in the next lifetime, or in another distant lifetime. -(The heroic View) Karma gives to us the soul that we are not bound by any judgment from any being nor may we pass judgment upon any being.The only judgment comes from ourselves and the natural law of the universe. It is by our own discretion that we recognize what is right and what is wrong. That we should not persecute any of those that do wrong but that we should rather act step forward of what is good in our hearts to crusade Love, Peace. For if not we will suffer all of our bad workings in this life or the next. It is because of this Buddhist view of Karma that Buddhists may not harm any sentient being animal or human. any(prenominal) harm done to any sentient being will be returned to the bank lineal culprit in this life or the nex t.However Christianity is not completely absent to the idea that man should have compliance for all things sentient. The Bible does express this idea in its own words I even I have said in my heart with the regard to the sons of humanness that the true God is going to select them, that they may see that they themselves are beasts. For there is an eventuality as consider the sons of mankind and an eventuality as see the beast, and they have the same eventuality. As the one dies, so the other dies, and they have but one pirit, so that there is no superiority of the man over the beast, for everything is vanity. All are going to one place, they have all come from dust and they are all reversive to dust. -(Bible ECC 318-20) The Christian Bible gives us the idea that we are all ONE art object and Beast. That it is impossible for one to harm the other without also harming themselves in the process. The resulting idea on how to live would be that we should watch all things living as we would respect ourselves.A difference between Christianity and Buddhism is their Spiritual leader. wholeness was Jesus the Christ and the other Gautama Buddha. They were two men who lived at different times, different places, and followed by a different ethnicity and culture as it continues today. As both religions believe in reincarnation it is impossible to say that they are not the same man reincarnated to serve as a Spiritual Leader for two peoples. I like your Christ, I do not like your Christians. Your Christians are so unlike your Christ. -Mahatma GandhiThis is where the difference between Christianity as defined by church building religions and Christianity defined by teachings, actions of the Christ, and scripture take place. It is the encumbrance of SOME Christians to accept religions that are not their own to be like their own. They handle their own teachings and do not respect religions which are so like theirs. If you have trouble accept this walk into a Christia n church and tell a follower that the Buddhist faith is like their own. Wait for a response. Furthermore, as I stated in my introduction Christianity as a Church religion is creditworthy for the Crusades.Its Christians are responsible for recent Child Molestations (Washington Post) and the Dark Ages. None of these actions fits with Christianity as the religion of Love and Peace taught by Christ. It is in my understanding that the two most important teachings of Christianity and Buddhism is that we essential not pass judgment on others and that we must treat all beings with Love and respect. When we do this there will be no need for courts, police, armies, or weapons. The world will live in what was once called paradise. For when men follow these two simple ideas egardless of their origin the world will know peace. Works Cited The Bible, New solid ground Translation Black, Christopher (2001). Early Modern Italy. Routledge. ISBN 0415214343. The Big View, Accessed April initiative 2 009 http//www. thebigview. com/buddhism/karma. html 2009 QuoteDB. com, Accessed April 1st 2009 http//www. quotedb. com/quotes/1905 2009 The Washington Post Company, Accessed April 1st 2009 http//newsweek. washingtonpost. com/onfaith/godingovernment/2009/03/sebelius_vs_archbishop_naumann. html? hpid=news-col-blog 2009Christianity vs. BuddhismGabriel Tajimaroa Donavan Ingram Eng 1A April 3 2010 Research Essay Christianity vs. Buddhism There are many religions and sacred texts that have shaped complete civilizations and cultures. They have varied in their theories of creation and how man should live and act towards each other and nature. The more I study religions and sacred text the more I see that for the most part they are alike. Most of them share a view of love and peace towards all things living. What varies between them are simply deities.It is these minor differences that cause their followers to completely abstract their sacred text to the point where they have completely devi ated from their text and do the opposite of what their text commands. For example Christ lived a life of Love, forgiveness and the general acceptance of human beings (Bible, JOHN 82-11). Yet a Christian church was responsible for deaths of Muslim soldiers and Christian soldiers in the fun era known as the crusades (Black P. 200-202). In this essay I will compare and contrast Christianity and Buddhism.Christianity will take the definition of Actions of the Christ as seen in the Bible and The adopted laws of the Christ in the Bible. I will also define the difference between Christianity as adopted thru actions taken by a Christian church. Buddhism will be considered by Buddhist doctrine on how to carry ones own life. After some consideration I have learned that the Christianity and Buddhism are more alike than they are different. I have learned that Christianity is nothing like the two.The peace and love taught by Christianitys and Buddhisms founders are so alike, that the two can be united in the sense that the rules of living can be considered the same. I will begin with Christs teachings and actions on how to live and act towards people. In my introduction I cited John 82-11. In this piece of Johns text, men bring to the Christ a woman that has been caught in the act of adultery. The men state that under Moses law the woman must be stoned to death. The Christ replied Let the one of you who is sinless be the first to throw a stone at her. All the men that had heard him left one by one. Christ also let the woman go on her way telling her Neither do I condemn you, go your way, from now on sin no more. In this text it is brought to understand that no man is to may pass judgment on any other soul. Furthermore this shows Christianitys forgiveness and Love to even those who have practiced wretched moral crimes so long they recognize their faults. Buddhisms likeness to men being absent from judgment over one another comes in the form of Karma.Yet Karma takes this id ea further Buddhists understand karma as a natural law. There is no higher instance, no judgment, no divine intervention, and no gods that steer mans destiny, but only the law of karma itself, which works on a global time frame. Deeds yield consequences either in the next second, in the next hour, day, month, year, decade, or even in the next lifetime, or in another distant lifetime. -(The Big View) Karma gives to us the understanding that we are not bound by any judgment from any being nor may we pass judgment upon any being.The only judgment comes from ourselves and the natural law of the universe. It is by our own discretion that we know what is right and what is wrong. That we should not persecute any of those that do wrong but that we should rather act out of what is good in our hearts to promote Love, Peace. For if not we will suffer all of our bad deeds in this life or the next. It is because of this Buddhist view of Karma that Buddhists may not harm any sentient being animal or human. Any harm done to any sentient being will be returned to the original culprit in this life or the next.However Christianity is not completely absent to the idea that man should have respect for all things sentient. The Bible does express this idea in its own words I even I have said in my heart with the regard to the sons of mankind that the true God is going to select them, that they may see that they themselves are beasts. For there is an eventuality as respects the sons of mankind and an eventuality as respects the beast, and they have the same eventuality. As the one dies, so the other dies, and they have but one pirit, so that there is no superiority of the man over the beast, for everything is vanity. All are going to one place, they have all come from dust and they are all returning to dust. -(Bible ECC 318-20) The Christian Bible gives us the idea that we are all ONE Man and Beast. That it is impossible for one to harm the other without also harming themselves in t he process. The resulting idea on how to live would be that we should respect all things living as we would respect ourselves.A difference between Christianity and Buddhism is their Spiritual leader. One was Jesus the Christ and the other Gautama Buddha. They were two men who lived at different times, different places, and followed by a different ethnicity and culture as it continues today. As both religions believe in reincarnation it is impossible to say that they are not the same man reincarnated to serve as a Spiritual Leader for two peoples. I like your Christ, I do not like your Christians. Your Christians are so unlike your Christ. -Mahatma GandhiThis is where the difference between Christianity as defined by Church religions and Christianity defined by teachings, actions of the Christ, and scripture take place. It is the difficulty of SOME Christians to accept religions that are not their own to be like their own. They ignore their own teachings and do not respect religions which are so like theirs. If you have trouble believing this walk into a Christian church and tell a follower that the Buddhist faith is like their own. Wait for a response. Furthermore, as I stated in my introduction Christianity as a Church religion is responsible for the Crusades.Its Christians are responsible for recent Child Molestations (Washington Post) and the Dark Ages. None of these actions fits with Christianity as the religion of Love and Peace taught by Christ. It is in my understanding that the two most important teachings of Christianity and Buddhism is that we must not pass judgment on others and that we must treat all beings with Love and respect. When we do this there will be no need for courts, police, armies, or weapons. The world will live in what was once called paradise. For when men follow these two simple ideas egardless of their origin the world will know peace. Works Cited The Bible, New World Translation Black, Christopher (2001). Early Modern Italy. Rou tledge. ISBN 0415214343. The Big View, Accessed April 1st 2009 http//www. thebigview. com/buddhism/karma. html 2009 QuoteDB. com, Accessed April 1st 2009 http//www. quotedb. com/quotes/1905 2009 The Washington Post Company, Accessed April 1st 2009 http//newsweek. washingtonpost. com/onfaith/godingovernment/2009/03/sebelius_vs_archbishop_naumann. html? hpid=news-col-blog 2009